CLOTHING
The Vikings at home wearing trousers and with a certain flight above the wool long johns. The torso covered with a large shirt that reaches mid-thigh and is tailored with a leather belt, both garments were made with vadmal, sheep's wool fleece long. In the head, a or wool felt hat. Feet, shoes made from a single piece of leather folded neatly, sometimes reinforced with a sole and tied around the ankle with a coiled cord. In the hands, thick wool or fleece mittens. At times over the shirt wears a coat in one piece, sleeveless, set above the right shoulder or right in front of it with a brooch.
As for his appearance, his long hair care enough sometimes collected with a bow at the neck. Also paid great care and attention to the beard and mustache, sometimes biurcada. Used to comb with long braids, earrings decorated with precious metals, common use between the sexes. The
Women also wore comfortably. The head dress was long sleeves of different lengths, pleated wool could be opened on each breast to allow and facilitate breastfeeding, and is fastened with two clasps twins. Above wearing a kind of apron made of a piece. Sometimes reinforced with leather. They also often use some sort of leg long trousers (wool) in winter.
The hair, braids or ponytails were usually protected with a piece of cloth, a kind of scarf knotted at the neck. It is the distinctive way of a married woman. Unmarried women wore the hair loose. Viking Armor
For most, the armor is too expensive for the Nordic environment. In addition, a culture that places special emphasis placed: s on the bravery in combat and the disregard for the pain is not too into account the use of protection. However, the Vikings or the cautious resources can take several forms of armor. More elaborate, depending on the resources of the warrior. Fur and Leather
The most comfortable of the "armor" Scandinavia is a heavy set of skins and hides. After all, the cold north of these garments are a practical necessity. A good set of heavy rugs can lessen the impact of some shocks, and boiled leather can stop arrows and even chopping knives. Since the material is cheap and easily available, the warriors Vikings tend to opt for this type of armor. Sometimes I get to hammered and studded, but is less common. Chainmail
Vikings resources can lead to a "byrnie" or chain mail, which is essentially a short-sleeved shirt made from interlocking metal rings. Most of the time, these rings are thin circular links are cut and then unite. Around 900 BC, however, the rings are spun and stop planes, cut, join and then sealed with rivets, significantly reducing the loss of the coat of mail due to shock. With a good padding behind this armor protected against bumps and pits, providing an effective anti protecci6n swords and axes. While in Europe the soldiers are equipped with chain mail from head to toe, the Nordic rarely use more than a long chain mail. However, the protection afforded to the side torso armor is of great value to jarls Scandinavia. A good coat was a present fit for a lord of the guerra.La Brinje was a mail shirt, wide open on the sides to enhance mobility and facilitate the use of heavy shields and management of the ax and sword. Helms
Contrary to popular belief, Vikings did not wear horned helmets, among other things, so dysfunctional that a helmet would be bumpy, easy to start from a blow to them. In Indeed, those who could afford some protection for the head wore metal helmets simple eye protection and a metal band as nasal protector. These helmets often left unprotected cheekbones and jaw but protected against the blows aimed at his head. The most common of the protections, was a tanned leather helmet "mask" for the eyes, or a simple conical metal helmet with nose ring, helmets with protective mask and nasal, and mesh to protect the neck, were worthy of the big bosses, away from the troops. Shields
The carrying swords and axes had generally circular wooden shields, generally known as round shields. These shields were made from planks of wood joined by a circular metal edge that was riveting. Sometimes the front of the shield was covered with heavy leather to provide extra protection, sometimes painted them in bright colors or symbols warriors, especially their family. A round shield demanded full use of one arm of the warrior, as though something very heavy and unwieldy provided much protection (a man skilled with the shield was very difficult to achieve) and was relatively inexpensive. This made it very popular among Viking raiders shield of limited resources. They used also the most developed, have metal reinforcements, studded, as is often oiled animals, the outside, thereby facilitating the arms of rival slipping on them.
Between Arms Viking Nordic invaders, sword and ax are the weapons of choice. Unlike the wars of the rest of Europe, do not pay almost no attention to the fight on horseback, so the pole weapons that are commonly found among farmers hardly used. The combat on foot is normal, and the weapons used by the Nordic reflect this. However, we will see the variety of common firearms. Swords & Daggers
Like the people of the continent, it is almost impossible to see a Scandinavian his dagger in his belt. The typical dagger has a length of 20 to 50 cm, double-edged and is considered both a tool and a weapon for close combat. It is also commonly carry the sax, a short knife for combat which speak later.
swords to be found among the Nordics are simple and practical. A double-edged blade, about 90 cm in length is mounted with a crossbar and a handle for use with one hand. Nordic swords rarely recorded with some type of adornments or embellishments than wire work or designs on the handle (at the end of the grip), the grooves for blood on the blade are almost unknown, even if they start to appear in the era of the great invasions. Contrary to popular belief, the swords of this type did not have a edges are too sharp, they were made with the blade of a chisel style, so they could cross the armor (weapons of iron lost anyway the edge in battle.) Only a few leaves from later periods have just pointed to cross. Indeed, an armored warrior could well be beaten to death without haher suffered a single cut. Killed more by weight and contusion, which edge, at least, so was the beginning of the Viking era.
Before 900 BC, the Scandinavian swords were forged by the process of design-interlacing, the iron bars were heated on charcoal blocks that can absorb the carbon and converted into good steel. The bar was then cut and reforged again by repeating the process, forming a mixture of swirling mass of steel that gave rise to the name of "design-interlacing" due to winding and winding designs that were formed by mixing the dark iron and steel bright before. After 900 BC, improvements in the mineral and lead smelting led to development of lighter and better swords made of steel sharp quality. Anyway, the sword is a light gun used to give a hand cut and paste pits, often combining with dodge jumps and fast. Sax
known as the sax, is not nothing but a short knife, very sharp, to become almost a Safe Room tear, was used in melee combat, in very short distances (shield to shield), the objective of this weapon, was cut to counter through any hole in the wall of shields. The target used to be, legs or abdomen if you raised the shield to stop blows to the head.
Battle Axes and Axe Throwing
Vikings are extremely likely to use battle axes, possibly due to the great destruction that can produce these weapons. After all, a proper hack can cut the ends with apparent ease. In addition, the use of the ax is a prueha of force, especially if accompanied by a shield (which means handle with one hand). The typical nordica ax is made of iron, sometimes with a thin strip of steel on the edge, and with a handle 10 to 120 cm in length that allows a large force exercise in shock. The first axes were for more than a farming tools with a hammer, but the evolution of the ax as a weapon of war meant an increase in size, weight and effectiveness. The Scandinavian battle-ax had a peculiar square protrusion at the end of the sheet was very useful in naval combat as sort of hook nail and climb, this particular projection gives rise to "ax approach."
The throwing axes were not very frequent due to the difficulty of handling them effectively. Despite its rarity, are very dangerous and dramatic. To be used properly, throwing an ax must be particularly balanced, and required great strength and ability to be launched correctamnente. Moreover, even when these weapons can be made of iron (as it is launched once and not used until the next battle), are relatively expensive due to the complexity of their preparation. The Throwing Axe has a handle smaller size and smaller than a sheet of hand and must be sufficiently light to be thrown a considerable distance, otherwise, their advantage would be lost (a weapon that can only embark on five feet is of limited utility because the enemy if it is still able to fight after attack, reached in combat the aggressor before he is able to draw his gun.)
As last category, are the war hammers, heavy iron hammers, similar to a blacksmith's hammer. They used to be attached to a leather strap is used for smash hits shields, or directly, to crush the skull of the opponent, despite the Norse myth of Thor and his hammer, the weapon was not very common, losing ground in favor of hatchet.
Spears Cover by the god Odin and invaluable in the naval battle, the lance is a common weapon among the Norsemen, and almost all warriors know how to use one. A length between 1.8 and 2.4 meters, a wooden handle 3 cm thick and a sharp blade of 15 cm in length on one end, the lance is ideal to keep the enemy at bay. The handle is sometimes reinforced with metal spikes or bands to be difficult to cut in half. The spears can be used for hunting and fishing as well as in the battle, becoming the somewhat utilitarian and practical (very appreciated by the Norse). However, massive formations of spearmen are unknown to the Vikings, instead, the spears are used individually to hold off and skewer opponents, then releasing to draw the swords or other arenas for combat . Viking spears are basically throwing weapons, in fact, the first spears of wide ends of the Scandinavians were almost always used only for launch, but what about the javelin, a spear to European combat, but later designs also were made to dig a short distance. Some Vikings have a shield in addition to the spear, but this is better controlled when used with two hands. Hammers
The thunder god Thor uses a powerful hammer, and so do some of his followers. Because we do not need to be sharpened, the hammer requires little maintenance and can be manufactured inexpensively. Like the ax, the hammer of war has a unique head-bashing placed on a handle 60 to 90 cm in length, and the Nordic appreciate its force by spraying when the bones of the opponents, much armor they carry with them. A point at the center of the head of some hammers, attached to the tremendous weight of the hammer, you can easily pass through the armor and shields. Unlike other weapons, hammers runes are sometimes related to the strength and victory. These heavy mallets, deserve separate category, being larger and heavier than relaccinados with the hatchet. In practice, almost always forced to dispense with the shield and be handled with both hands. Compensate for exposing the warrior, with his forcefulness, for which virtually no defense. Generally, their role was that of the scudo dstrozar of rival carrier hammer, exposing a lot, so it was always included in the middle of lancers who kept the rivals at a distance ... Arcos
The Vikings did not often use the crossbows (because these weapons they use a technology known), but often use typical hunting bow. Although archery is a respected hobby, does not give the glory of combat, so it is a secondary combat skill for most of the Scandinavian warriors. Nordic arch is a hunting weapon length approximately 1.2 to 1.5 meters, v has no penetrating power too, it is not comparable to the English longbow, which would be used later. In addition, the Vikings do not provide training in combat, so they are rarely organized groups of archers, the Use of the arches is more widespread in the naval battle, to attack a boat approaching, often even talk of tactics ... You put incendiary flvelamen that were used against the sails
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